巴西专利BR112013018323B1 aerosol generation system that has a means to manage the consumption of a liquid substrate

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专利摘要:
AEROSOL GENERATION SYSTEM THAT HAS MEANS TO MANAGE THE CONSUMPTION OF A LIQUID SUBSTRATE. The present invention relates to an electrically operated aerosol generating system (100) for receiving an aerosol forming substrate (115). The system comprises a liquid storage portion (113) for storing the liquid aerosol-forming substrate, an electrical heater comprising at least one heating element for heating the liquid aerosol-forming substrate, and an electrical circuit (109) configured to monitor activation of the electric heater and estimate an amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate remaining in the liquid storage portion based on monitored activation. The present invention also relates to a method in an electrically operated aerosol generating system comprising a liquid storage portion for storing the liquid aerosol forming substrate and an electrical heater comprising at least one heating element for heating the liquid aerosol forming substrate, the method comprising: monitoring the activation of the electric heater and estimating an amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate remaining in the liquid storage portion based on the monitored activation.
公开号:BR112013018323B1
申请号:R112013018323-3
申请日:2011-12-22
公开日:2021-07-06
发明作者:Jean-Marc Flick
申请人:Philip Morris Products S.A.；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0001] The present invention relates to an electrically operated aerosol generating system. In particular, the present invention relates to an electrically operated aerosol generating system in which the aerosol forming substrate is liquid and is contained in a liquid storage portion.
[0002] WO 2007/078273 describes an electrical appliance for smoking. A liquid is stored in a container which communicates with a heating vaporizer, powered by a battery supply, through a series of small openings. The heater takes the form of an electrical heater coiled in a spiral and mounted on an electrically insulating bracket. When in use, the heater is activated by a user's mouth to turn on the battery power supply. User-operated suction on a nozzle causes air to be drawn through container holes located above the heater vaporizer, into the nozzle and subsequently into a user's mouth.
[0003] The prior art electrically operated aerosol generating systems, which include the smoke system referred to above, in fact have a number of advantages, however, there is still the possibility of improving the model, particularly in terms of refers to the management of the liquid aerosol forming substrate stored in the container.
[0004] According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided an electrically operated aerosol generating system for receiving an aerosol forming substrate, the system comprising: a liquid storage portion for storing the liquid aerosol forming substrate; an electric heater comprising at least one heating element for heating the liquid aerosol forming substrate; and electrical circuitry configured to monitor activation of the electrical heater and estimate an amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate remaining in the liquid storage portion based on the monitored activation.
[0005] The aerosol generating system is arranged to vaporize the aerosol forming substrate and form the aerosol. As is known to those skilled in the art, an aerosol is a suspension of solid particles or liquid droplets in a gas, such as air.
[0006] The activation of the electric heater can be monitored in several ways, for example, by monitoring the temperature of the heating element over time, the resistance of the heating element over time, or the energy applied to the heater over time, or a combination of two or more of these parameters.
[0007] Preferably, the electrical circuit is configured to estimate a consumed amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate and to subtract the consumed amount from a known initial amount to provide an estimate of liquid aerosol forming substrate remaining in the portion of liquid storage.
[0008] Preferably, the electrical circuit is configured to monitor the activation of the electrical heater by monitoring the temperature or resistance of the heating element over time to estimate a consumed amount of aerosol forming substrate. Preferably, the electrical circuit is configured to estimate a consumed amount of aerosol based on a first equation relating the temperature or resistance of the heating element to the consumption of aerosol forming substrate up to a first temperature or resistance threshold and with based on a second equation relating the temperature or resistance of the heating element to the consumption of aerosol-forming substrate above the first temperature or resistance threshold.
[0009] Preferably the second equation is a linear equation. Preferably, the second equation is dependent on the energy applied to the heating element. The second equation preferably represents thermal diffusion through the aerosol-forming substrate and any element that contains the aerosol-forming substrate.
[00010] Preferably, the first equation is a non-linear equation. Preferably, the first equation is independent of the energy applied to the heating element. The first equation preferably represents the enthalpy of vaporization of the liquid aerosol forming substrate.
[00011] The value of the first threshold is dependent on the composition of the liquid aerosol forming substrate. Preferably, the first threshold is the boiling point of the liquid aerosol-forming substrate and more preferably, the boiling point of the liquid aerosol-forming substrate at atmospheric pressure.
[00012] The first equation and the second equation are also dependent on the composition of the liquid aerosol forming substrate, as well as the specific properties of the system, such as dimensions and material properties, and the energy applied to the heater. Therefore, the first and second equations are preferably derived and stored empirically in the electrical circuit. A plurality of different equations can be stored in the electrical circuit for use with different aerosol-liquid substrate compositions and for use at different energy levels.
[00013] Obviously, as an alternative to the two equations to model the relationship between temperature or resistance and substrate consumption, a single more complex equation can be used, which is derived by correlation with empirically derived data on substrate consumption. substrate. Alternatively, three or more equations can be used if appropriate. However, the inventors realized that for an accurate calculation of liquid substrate consumption, the temperature evolution of the heating element must be considered as well as the different evaporation behavior above and below the boiling point of the liquid substrate. It is also desirable to provide different models for different levels of energy applied to the heater.
[00014] The provision of electrical circuitry to determine an amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate in the liquid storage portion is advantageous for a number of reasons. For example, when the liquid storage portion is empty or nearly empty, an insufficient amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate may be supplied to the electric heater. This may mean that the aerosol created does not have the desired properties, eg the aerosol particle size. This can result in a negative user experience. Also, if it can be determined when the liquid storage portion is empty or nearly empty, it may be possible to inform the user. And then the user can prepare to replace or refill the liquid storage portion.
[00015] For the liquid aerosol forming substrate, certain physical properties, for example, vapor pressure or substrate viscosity, are chosen so as to be suitable for use in the aerosol generating system. The liquid preferably comprises a tobacco-containing material which comprises volatile tobacco flavor compounds which are released from the liquid during heating. Alternatively or in addition the liquid may comprise a non-tobacco material. The liquid can include water, ethanol or other solvents, plant extracts, nicotine solutions and natural or artificial flavors. Preferably, the liquid also comprises an aerosol former. Examples of suitable aerosol formers are glycerin and propylene glycol.
[00016] An advantage of providing a liquid storage portion is that the liquid in the liquid storage portion is protected from ambient air. In some embodiments, also from ambient light that cannot enter the liquid storage portion, so the risk of liquid degradation is avoided. In addition, a high level of hygiene can be maintained. If the liquid storage portion is not refillable and the liquid in the liquid storage portion has been all used up or has decreased to a predetermined limit, the liquid storage portion has to be replaced by the user. During such replacement, user contamination with the liquid must be avoided. Alternatively, the liquid storage portion can be refillable. In that case, when the amount of aerosol-liquid substrate in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a predetermined limit, the liquid storage portion can be refilled. Preferably, the liquid storage portion is arranged to retain the liquid for a predetermined number of puffs or heating cycles.
[00017] The electric heater may comprise a single heating element. Alternatively, the electric heater may comprise more than one heating element, for example two, or three, or four, or five, or six or more heating elements. The heating element or heating elements can be suitably arranged so as to heat the liquid aerosol forming substrate as efficiently as possible.
[00018] At least one electrical heating element preferably comprises an electrically resistive material. Suitable electrically resistive materials include, but are not limited to: semiconductors such as doped ceramics, electrically "conductive" ceramics (such as, for example, molybdenum discylide), carbon, graphite, metals, metal alloys and composite materials made of a ceramic material and a metallic material. Such composite materials can comprise doped or undoped ceramics. Examples of suitable doped ceramics include doped silicon carbides. Examples of suitable metals include titanium, zirconium, tantalum and metals from the platinum group. Examples of suitable metal alloys include stainless steel, Constantean, nickel-, cobalt-, chromium-, aluminum-titanium-zirconium-, hafnium-, niobium-, molybdenum-, tantalum-, tungsten-, tin-, gallium-, manganese - and alloys containing iron and superalloys based on nickel, iron, cobalt, stainless steel, Tempotal®, iron-aluminium-based alloys and iron-manganese-aluminum-based alloys. Tempotal® is a registered trademark of the Titanium Metals Company. In composite materials, the electrically resistive material can optionally be embedded, encapsulated or coated with an insulating material or vice versa, depending on the energy transfer kinetics and external physiochemical properties required. The heating element may comprise an engraved metal foil insulated between two layers of an inert material. In that case, the inert material may comprise Kapton®, all-polyimide or mica sheet. Kapton® is a registered trademark of the E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Company.
[00019] At least one electrical heating element can take any suitable shape. For example, at least one electrical heating element can take the form of a heating blade. Alternatively, at least one electrical heating element can take the form of a dot-coat or substrate having different electroconductive portions or an electrically resistive metal tube. The liquid storage portion may incorporate a disposable heating element. Alternatively, one or more heating needles or rods that extend through the liquid aerosol-forming substrate may also be suitable. Alternatively, at least one electrical heating element may comprise a sheet of flexible material. Other options include a heating wire or filament, for example Ni-Cr (Nickel-Chrome), platinum, tungsten or an alloy wire or a heating plate. Optionally, the heating element can be deposited in or on a rigid carrier material.
[00020] At least one electrical heating element may comprise a heat sink or heat reservoir comprising a material capable of absorbing and storing heat and subsequently releasing heat over time to heat the aerosol-forming substrate. The heat sink can be formed of any suitable material, such as a metal or a suitable ceramic material. Preferably, the material has a high thermal capacity (material with sensitive thermal storage), or it is a material capable of absorbing and storing heat and subsequently releasing heat through a reversible process, such as a phase change in high temperature. Suitable materials with sensitive thermal storage include silica gel, alumina, carbon, glass fabric, fiberglass, minerals, a metal or alloy such as aluminum, silver or lead, and a cellulose material such as paper. Other suitable materials that release heat through a reversible phase change include paraffin, sodium acetate, naphthalene, wax, polyethylene oxide, a metal, a metal salt, a mixture of eutectic salts, or an alloy.
[00021] The heat sink or heat reservoir can be arranged in such a way that it is directly in contact with the liquid aerosol forming substrate and can transfer the stored heat directly to the substrate. Alternatively, heat stored in the heat sink or heat reservoir can be transferred to the aerosol-forming substrate by means of a heat conductor such as a metal tube.
[00022] At least one heating element can heat the liquid aerosol forming substrate by means of conduction. The heating element can be at least partially in contact with the substrate. Alternatively, heat from the heating element can be conveyed to the substrate by means of a heat-conducting element.
[00023] Alternatively, at least one heating element can transfer heat to the incoming ambient air, which is drawn through the electrically operated aerosol generating system during use, which in turn heats the aerosol-forming substrate . Ambient air can be heated before passing through the aerosol-forming substrate. Alternatively, ambient air can first be drawn through the liquid substrate and then heated.
[00024] Preferably, the electrically operated aerosol generating system also comprises a capillary wick for transporting the liquid aerosol forming substrate from the liquid storage portion to the electric heater.
[00025] Preferably, the capillary wick is arranged to be in contact with the liquid of the liquid storage portion. Preferably, the capillary wick extends within the liquid storage portion. In that case, when in use, liquid is transferred from the liquid storage portion to the electric heater by capillary action in a capillary wick. In one embodiment, the capillary wick has a first end and a second end, the first end extending into the liquid storage portion to contact liquid located therein and the electric heater being arranged to heat the liquid from the second far end. When the heater is activated, the liquid at the second end of the capillary wick is vaporized by at least one heating element of the heater to form the supersaturated vapor. The supersaturated steam is mixed and driven by the air flow. During flow, the vapor condenses to form the aerosol and the aerosol is conveyed towards a user's mouth. The liquid aerosol forming substrate has physical properties, including viscosity and surface tension, which allow the liquid to be transported through the capillary wick via capillary action.
[00026] The hair strand may have a fibrous or spongy structure. The capillary wick preferably comprises a bundle of capillaries. For example, the capillary wick may comprise a plurality of fibers or filaments or other tubes with fine holes. In general, fibers or filaments can be aligned in the longitudinal direction of the aerosol generating system. Alternatively, the capillary wick may comprise a sponge-like or foam-like material shaped into a rod shape. The rod shape can extend along the longitudinal direction of the aerosol generating system. The structure of the capillary wick forms a plurality of small holes or tubes, through which liquid can be transported by capillary action. The capillary wick can comprise any suitable material or combination of materials. Examples of suitable materials are capillary materials, for example, a material made of sponge or foam, ceramic or graphite-based materials in the form of fibers or sintered powders, foamed metal or plastic material, a fibrous material, for example, made of twisted or extruded fibers such as cellulose acetate, polyester or bonded polyolefin, polyethylene, terylene or polypropylene fibers, nylon or ceramic fibers. The hair wick can have any capillary and suitable porosity so that it can be used with different physical properties of the liquid. The liquid has physical properties, which include, but are not limited to viscosity, surface tension, density, thermal conductivity, boiling point, and vapor pressure, which allow the liquid to be transported through the capillary device by the action. capillary.
[00027] Preferably, at least one heating element has the form of a heating wire or filament that surrounds and optionally supports the capillary wick. The capillary properties of the wick, combined with the properties of the liquid, ensure that, during normal use, the wick will always be wet in the heating area. If the wick was dry, it could have overheated. Therefore, the provision of a capillary wick may be advantageous as it will allow the measurement of this superheat, which in turn may allow the determination of when the amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a predetermined limit. .
[00028] The capillary wick and heater and optionally the liquid storage portion can be removable from the aerosol generating system as a single component.
[00029] In one case, the electrical circuit comprises a sensor to detect the air flow indicative of a user inhaling. In that case, preferably, the electrical circuit is arranged to provide a pulse of electrical current to the electrical heater at a predetermined power when the sensor detects that a user is inhaling. The time period of the electric current pulse can be preset depending on the desired amount of liquid to be vaporized. The electrical circuit is preferably programmed for this purpose. In this mode, the electrical circuit can be arranged to monitor the total time of the electric current pulse time periods and from the total monitored time, it can predict when the amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate in the liquid storage portion will increase up to the predetermined limit.
[00030] The electrically operated aerosol generation system may also comprise a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of at least one heating element and the electrical circuit configured to monitor the temperature of at least one heating element as detected by the sensor of temperature.
[00031] In another embodiment, the electrical circuit is arranged to measure the electrical resistance of at least one heating element, to ascertain the temperature of the heating element from the measured electrical resistance.
[00032] In this mode, the electrical circuit can be arranged to measure the electrical resistance of at least one heating element by measuring the current passing through at least one heating element and the voltage passing through at least one heating element and determining the electrical resistance of at least one heating element from the measured current and voltage. In that case, the electrical circuit may comprise a resistor having a known resistance, in series with at least one heating element, and the electrical circuit may be arranged to measure the current passing through at least one heating element by measuring from the voltage passing through the known resistance and determining the current passing through the at least one heating element from the voltage and the measured known resistance.
[00033] In an alternative case, the electrical circuit comprises a manually operable switch for a user to initiate a drink. The electrical circuit is arranged to provide a pulse of electrical current to the electrical heater when the user initiates a drink. The time period of the electric current pulse is preferably preset depending on the desired amount of liquid to be vaporized. The electrical circuit is preferably programmed for this purpose. In this mode, the electrical circuit can be arranged to monitor the total time in which the manually operable switch is activated and from the total monitored time, it can estimate an amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate in the liquid storage portion.
[00034] The electrical circuit may comprise a sensor to detect the presence of a liquid storage portion. The sensor is preferably able to distinguish a liquid storage portion from another liquid storage portion and, consequently, check how much liquid aerosol forming substrate is contained in the liquid storage portion when it is full. The sensor may also be able to determine the composition of the liquid in the liquid storage portion based on markings on the liquid storage portion or the shape or size of the liquid storage portion. This, in addition to monitored activation, can allow the electrical circuit to predict the amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion during use.
[00035] In a preferred embodiment, the electrical circuit is arranged, when the amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a predetermined limit, to deactivate the electrical heater.
[00036] This is advantageous because the user can stop using the aerosol generating system as soon as there is an insufficient amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate. This will prevent the creation of an aerosol without the desired properties. This will also avoid a negative user experience.
[00037] The electrical circuit can be arranged to deactivate the electrical heater by blowing an electrical spindle located between the electrical heater and an electrical power supply. The electrical circuit can be arranged to disable the electrical heater by turning off a switch between the electrical heater and an electrical power supply. Alternative methods of deactivating an electric heater will become apparent to a person skilled in the art.
[00038] In a preferred embodiment, the electrical circuit is arranged, when the amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a predetermined limit, to advise a user of this. This is advantageous because the indication allows the user to recharge or replace the liquid storage portion.
[00039] The electrically operated aerosol generating system may comprise a user screen. In that case, the indication may comprise an indication on the user screen. Alternatively, the indication may comprise an audible indication or any other suitable type of indication to a user.
[00040] The aerosol generation system can also comprise an electrical energy supply. Preferably, the aerosol generating system comprises a housing. Preferably, the housing is elongated. If the aerosol generation includes a capillary wick, the longitudinal axis of the capillary wick and the longitudinal axis of the housing may be substantially parallel. The housing may comprise a liner and a spout. In that case, all components can be contained in the dot-coating or in the nozzle. In one embodiment, the housing includes a removable insert comprising the liquid storage portion, the capillary wick and the heater. In this modality, these parts of the aerosol generating system can be removable from the housing as a single component. This can be useful for refilling or replacing the liquid storage portion, for example.
[00041] The accommodation may comprise any suitable material or combination of materials. Examples of suitable materials include metals, alloys, plastics or composite materials that contain one or more of these materials, or thermoplastics that are suitable for food or pharmaceutical applications, for example, polypropylene, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and polyethylene. Preferably, the material is lightweight and non-brittle.
[00042] Preferably, the aerosol generating system is portable. The aerosol generating system can be a smoking system and can be comparable in size to a conventional cigar or cigarette. The smoke system can have a total length between approximately 30 m and approximately 150 m. The smoke system can have an external diameter between approximately 5 m and approximately 30 m.
[00043] Preferably, the electrically operated aerosol generating system is an electrically heated smoke system.
[00044] According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a method comprising: providing an electrically operated aerosol generating system comprising a liquid storage portion for storing the aerosol-liquid substrate and an electrical heater comprising by the at least one heating element for heating the liquid aerosol-forming substrate; and monitoring the activation of the electric heater and estimating an amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate remaining in the liquid storage portion based on the monitored activation.
[00045] Preferably, the step to monitor the activation of the electric heater comprises monitoring the temperature or resistance of the heating element over time to estimate a consumed amount of aerosol forming substrate. Preferably, the estimation of a consumed amount of aerosol is made based on a first equation relating the temperature or resistance of the heating element to the consumption of aerosol forming substrate up to a first temperature or resistance threshold, and based on a second equation that relates the temperature or resistance of the heating element to the consumption of aerosol forming substrate above the first temperature or resistance threshold.
[00046] Preferably, the second equation is a linear equation. The second equation preferably represents thermal diffusion through the aerosol-forming substrate or an element containing the aerosol-forming substrate.
[00047] Preferably, the first equation is a non-linear equation. The first equation preferably represents the enthalpy of vaporization of the liquid aerosol forming substrate.
[00048] According to a third aspect of the invention, an electrical circuit is provided for an electrically operated aerosol generating system, the electrical circuit being arranged to perform the method of the second aspect of the invention.
[00049] According to a fourth aspect of the invention, a computer program is provided which, when run on the programmable electrical circuit for an electrically operated aerosol generating system, causes the programmable electrical circuit to execute the method of the second aspect of invention.
[00050] According to a fifth aspect of the invention, there is provided a computer readable storage medium having stored therein a computer program according to the fourth aspect of the invention.
[00051] The characteristics described in relation to the aerosol generating system of the invention may also be applicable to the method of the invention. And, the features described in relation to the method of the invention may also be applicable to the aerosol generating system of the invention.
[00052] The invention will be further described by way of example only and with reference to the drawings and annex, in which: Figure 1 shows an example of an electrically operated aerosol generating system having a liquid storage portion; Figure 2 is a graph of total particle mass versus energy applied for two different compositions of liquid aerosol forming substrate in a device of the type shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a graph of the evaporation rate versus the temperature of a liquid composition up to the boiling point, along with a curve correlated with the points on the graph; Figure 4 is a graph showing the evaporation rate of a liquid composition versus the temperature in a device of the type shown in Figure 1, which shows the evaporation rate for two different energy levels; Figure 5 is a graph showing the temperature evolution of a heating element during a drink, with different graphs shown for different stages on the consumption of the liquid aerosol forming substrate; Figure 6 is a graph showing the liquid evaporation rate during one drink and the corresponding temperature of the heating element; Figure 7 is a graph showing the cumulative evaporated mass of a drink; Figure 8 is a graph showing, on the y-axis, resistance of the heating element and, on the x-axis, the temperature of the heating element of an electric heater of an electrically operated aerosol generating system; and Figure 9 is a schematic circuit diagram which allows the resistance of the heating element to be measured in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
[00053] Figure 1 shows an example of an electrically operated aerosol generating system that has a liquid storage portion. In figure 1, the system is a smoke system. The smoke system 100 of Figure 1 comprises a housing 101 having a nozzle end 103 and a body end 105. At the body end, a supply of electrical power in the form of battery 107 and electrical circuit 109 is provided. The drag detection system 111 is also provided in cooperation with the electrical circuit 109. At the nozzle end, a liquid storage portion in the form of cartridge 113 containing the liquid 115, a capillary wick 117 and a heater 119 is provided. the heater is only shown schematically in Figure 1. In the exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 1, one end of the capillary wick 117 extends into the cartridge 113 and the other end of the capillary wick 117 is surrounded by the heater 119. The heater is connected. to the electrical circuit through connections 121, which can pass through the outside of cartridge 113 (not shown in figure 1). Housing 101 also includes an air inlet 123, an air outlet 125 at the nozzle end, and an aerosol forming chamber 127.
[00054] When in use, operation is as follows. The liquid 115 is driven by capillary action from the cartridge 113 from the end of the wick 117 which extends into the cartridge to the other end of the wick which is surrounded by the heater 119. When a user uses the aerosol generating system at the air outlet 125, ambient air is drawn in through the air inlet 123. In the arrangement shown in Figure 1, the draft detection system 111 detects the draft and activates the heater 119. The battery 107 supplies electrical power to the heater 119 heat the end of the wick 117 surrounded by the heater. The liquid at this end of wick 117 is vaporized by heater 119 to create a supersaturated vapor. At the same time, the liquid that is vaporized is replaced by another liquid that moves along the wick 117 by capillary action. (This is sometimes referred to as "pumping action".) The supersaturated vapor created is mixed and conducted into the air stream from the air inlet 123. In the aerosol forming chamber 127, the supersaturated condenses to form an inhalable aerosol which is conveyed towards the outlet 125 and into the user's mouth.
[00055] In the modality shown in figure 1, the electrical circuit 109 and the draft detection system 111 are preferably programmable. The electrical circuit 109 and the drag detection system 111 can be used to manage the operation of the aerosol generating system. This aids in controlling the aerosol particle size.
[00056] Figure 1 shows an example of an electrically operated aerosol generation system according to the present invention. However, several other examples are possible. Also, note that figure 1 is schematic in nature. In particular, the components shown are not to scale either individually or in relation to one another. The electrically operated aerosol generating system must include or receive a liquid aerosol forming substrate contained in a liquid storage portion. The electrically operated aerosol generating system requires some type of electrical heater that has at least one heating element to heat the liquid aerosol forming substrate. Finally, the electrically operated aerosol generating system needs electrical circuitry to determine an amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate in the liquid storage portion. This will be described below with reference to figures 2-9. It is emphasized that the system need not be a smoke system and a smoke detection system need not be provided. Instead, the system could operate through manual activation, for example, the user operating a switch when a drink is taken. For example, the overall shape and size of the housing could be changed. In addition, the system may not include a capillary wick. In that case, the system may include another mechanism for dispensing liquid for vaporization.
[00057] However, in a preferred embodiment, the system does not include a capillary wick to transport the liquid from the liquid storage portion to at least one heating element. The capillary wick can be made from a variety of pores or capillary materials and preferably has a known and predefined capillarity. Examples include ceramic or graphite based materials in the form of fibers or sintered powders. Wicks with different porosities can be used to accommodate different physical liquid properties such as density, viscosity, surface tension and supersaturated pressure. The wick must be adequate so that the necessary amount of liquid can be dispensed into the heater. Preferably, the heater comprises at least one heating wire or filament extending around the capillary wick.
[00058] As discussed above, according to the invention, the electrically operated aerosol generating system includes the electrical circuit for determining an amount of aerosol-liquid substrate in the liquid storage portion. Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to Figures 2 to 9. Embodiments are based on the example shown in Figure 1, although they are also applicable to other embodiments of electrically operated aerosol generating systems.
[00059] Figure 2 is a graph of the total aerosol particle mass (TPM) generated in one user drink on a device as shown in figure 1, for two different aerosol forming substrates. Graph 200, with the graph points drawn as major squares, shows the results for Liquid 1, and graph 210, with the graph points shown as minor squares, shows the results for Liquid 2. The graphs have an effect on the Aerosol generation from the increasing energy in the heater. It can be seen that increasing the energy in the heater greatly increases aerosol generation. For each aerosol with very high energy, the mass decreases and this can be explained by the evaporated mass that remains in the gas phase instead of forming droplets.
[00060] Figure 2 also illustrates that the aerosol mass generated is also dependent on the composition of the aerosol-liquid forming substrate. For example, different compositions will have different boiling points and different viscosities. Any model to accurately estimate the consumption of aerosol-liquid substrate must therefore show net composition and energy applied to the heater.
[00061] Aerosol generation requires providing a sufficient amount of energy for the liquid to vaporize. The energy required is called the enthalpy of vaporization. The amount of energy supplied depends on the temperature of the heating element or elements: the higher the temperature, the more energy is supplied to the liquid. Thus, up to the boiling point of the liquid, there is a relationship between the temperature of the heating elements and the rate of evaporation. This is independent of the power supplied to the heater. Figure 3 is a graph showing the evaporation rate of a liquid aerosol forming substrate versus the temperature up to its boiling point. Experimental data are plotted as diamonds 220. Also shown is a curve 230, drawn with square dots, which is adapted to experimental data 220. Curve 230 has the form m = AeBT, where m is the rate of evaporated mass , A and B are the calibration constants and T is the heating element temperature. The constants A and B depend on the liquid composition.
[00062] As soon as the temperature of the heating element reaches the boiling point of the liquid, the evaporation rate stops increasing in the same way. At this point, the added energy from the heating element does not increase the temperature of the liquid. However, as the temperature of the heating element increases beyond the boiling point, thermal diffusion through the liquid substrate and, more particularly, through any medium containing the substrate, in this modality the capillary wick, becomes a factor. significant. As the temperature of the heating element rises, a greater rate of thermal diffusion arises and thus more liquid substrate is vaporized.
[00063] Figure 4 is a graph of two different curves of the evaporation rate as a function of temperature using the wick system as shown in figure 1. The two curves 240 and 250 correspond to two different amounts of energy supplied to the element. heating during a drink. In both curves 240 and 250, the first portion below the boiling point of the liquid corresponds to curve 230 shown in Figure 3. Above the boiling point, the two curves diverge from each other. Curve 240 corresponds to a lower energy than curve 250. Both curves show a linear increase in the evaporation rate with temperature, however, the rate of increase is clearly energy dependent. The portion of curves 240 and 250 above the boiling point of the liquid substrate takes the form of m = CT + D, where m is the evaporation rate, C and D are the calibration constants, and T is the temperature. The constants C and D are dependent on the net composition, the energy applied to the heater as well as the physical properties of the device, such as composition, wick dimensions and heater configuration.
[00064] The curves in Figure 4 provide a model that can be used to calculate the rate of evaporation of the liquid substrate if the temperature of the heating element and the energy applied to the heating element are known. For each model of aerosol generation system, the constants A, B, C and D need to be empirically derived and the constants C and D must be derived for the different energy levels at which the system can operate.
[00065] The temperature of the heating element changes during the course of each drink and changes as the amount of liquid in the liquid storage portion is reduced. Figure 5 is a graph showing five average temperature profiles during a drink. The temperature, the T of the heating element, is shown on the y-axis and the t-draught time is shown on the x-axis. Curve 501 is the median of a first series of drinks, each drink having a duration of 2 seconds. Similarly, curve 503 is the median of a second series of drinks, curve 505 is the median of a third series of drags, curve 507 is the median of a fourth series of drinks, and curve 509 is the median of a fifth series of drinks. On each curve, vertical bars (eg, shown at 511) indicate the standard deviation around the median for these drinks. In this way, the measured temperature evolution over the useful life of the liquid storage portion is shown. This behavior was observed and confirmed in all vaporized liquid formulations and at all energy levels used.
[00066] As can be seen from Figure 5, the temperature response of the heating element is reasonably stable over the curves 501, 503 and 205. That is, the standard deviation around the median for the first three series of drags it's reasonably small. The model illustrated in Figure 4 is the most accurate during this period when the temperature response is stable. During this period, there is always a sufficient amount of aerosol-forming substrate being distributed to the heater through the wick. Once the lock starts to dry, a different behavior is observed.
[00067] Figure 6 is an illustration of the temperature profile of a heating element during a sip (an average over a series of sips), shown as curve 600 along with the corresponding rate of evaporation calculated using the model shown and described with reference to Figure 4, shown as curve 610.
[00068] The total mass of liquid aerosol forming substrate evaporated during a drink can be calculated by means of integration under the evaporation rate curve 610. This integration can be performed by the electrical circuit using the trapezium method, by example. The result of the integration is shown in Figure 7. Figure 7 again shows the 600 temperature profile of a heating element during a drag, but it also shows the cumulative mass evaporated over the drag as curve 700.
[00069] The total amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate consumed can be calculated by adding the calculated totals for each gulp. This total consumed mass can be subtracted from a known initial liquid mass of the liquid storage portion to provide an estimate of the amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate remaining. The amount that remains can be indicated to the user as a significant amount, such as an estimated number of drinks remaining or as a percentage value.
[00070] Determining the amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion is advantageous because, when the liquid storage portion is empty or nearly empty, an insufficient amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate may be supplied to the heater. This could mean that the aerosol generated and inhaled by the user does not have the desired properties, eg aerosol particle size. This can result in a negative user experience. Furthermore, it is advantageous to provide a mechanism whereby the user can be informed that the liquid storage portion is empty or nearly empty. Then the user can prepare to replace or refill the liquid storage portion.
[00071] The electrical circuit may include a sensor that is able to detect the presence of a liquid storage portion and, in addition, to determine the characteristics of the liquid storage portion which includes, for example, how much substrate liquid aerosol former is contained in the liquid storage portion and in the composition of the liquid aerosol former substrate. As described in applicant's pending International Patent Application PCT/IB2009/007969, this may be based on the identifying information provided in the liquid storage portion. This information, together with information derived from monitoring heater activation, allows the electrical circuit to predict the amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate in the liquid storage portion. Alternatively, the electrical circuit does not need to include a sensor. For example, the amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate in each liquid storage portion can simply be of one type and can be set to a standard amount.
[00072] A number of variations of the invention are possible. For example, the aerosol generation system does not need to include a draft detection system. Instead, the system could operate through manual activation, for example, the user operating a switch when a drink is taken.
[00073] According to the first embodiment of the invention, a temperature sensor is provided in the aerosol generating system close to the heating element. The electrical circuit can monitor the temperature measured by the temperature sensor and consequently determine an amount of liquid in the liquid storage portion as described. The advantage of this mode is that no calculation or derivation is necessary as the temperature sensor directly measures the temperature close to the heating element.
[00074] According to the second embodiment of the invention, the amount of liquid in the liquid storage portion is determined by measuring the resistance of the electrical heating element. If the heating element has an adequate temperature coefficient of resistance characteristics (for example, see equation (5) below), then the resistance can provide a measurement of the temperature of the electrical heating element.
[00075] Figure 8 is a graph showing the resistance, R of the electric heater heating element on the y axis, versus the temperature, T of the heating element on the x axis. As can be seen in figure 8, as the temperature T of the heating element increases, so does resistance R. Within a selected range (between temperatures T1 and T2 and resistors R1 and R2 in figure 4) , temperature T and resistance R can be proportional.
[00076] As discussed above in relation to the first embodiment of the invention, if the liquid storage portion is empty or nearly empty, an insufficient amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate will be supplied to the heater. This means that any capillary strands will dry out and the temperature of the heating element will increase. Figure 8 shows that such an increase in temperature can be determined by measuring the resistance of the heating element because, as the temperature increases, the measured resistance will also increase. Figure 9 is a schematic circuit diagram showing how the resistance of the heating element can be measured in accordance with the second embodiment of the invention. In figure 9, heater 901 is connected to battery 903 which provides a voltage V2. The heater resistance that must be measured at a particular temperature is Raquedor. In series with heater 901, an additional resistor 905, with known resistance aft, is inserted and connected to voltage V1. Voltage V1 has an intermediate value between ground and voltage V2. In order for microprocessor 907 to measure the Raquetor resistance of heater 901, the current that passes through heater 901 and the voltage that passes through heater 901 can be determined. And then, the following well-known formula can be used to determine strength:

[00077] In figure 9, the voltage that passes through the heater is V2-V1 and the current that passes through the heater is I. Thus:

[00078] The additional resistor 905, whose resistance r is known, is used to determine the current I, again using formula (1) mentioned above. The current passing through resistor 905 is I and the voltage passing through resistor 905 is V1. Thus:

[00079] Therefore, the combination of (2) and (3) generates:

[00080] In this way, the 907 microprocessor can measure V2 and V1 when the aerosol generating system is being used and, knowing the value of r, it can determine the resistance of the heater at a particular temperature, Raquedor.
[00081] Therefore, the following formula can be used to determine the temperature T of the measured resistance Raquedor at temperature T:
where α is the thermal resistivity coefficient of the material heating element and R0 is the resistance of the heating element at room temperature T0.
[00082] An advantage of this mode is that no temperature sensor is required, which can be cumbersome and costly.
[00083] In this way, a temperature measurement of the heating element can be derived. This can be used to determine when the amount of liquid in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a limit and to estimate an absolute amount of aerosol forming substrate remaining in the liquid storage portion.
[00084] In the embodiments described above, once it has been determined when the amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a limit, one or more actions can be taken. The electric heater can be turned off. For example, a system can be triggered to make the liquid storage portion unusable. For example, the electrical circuit, during determination that the amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a limit, may blow an electrical fuse located between at least one heating element of the electrical heater and a supply of electricity. The electrical fuse can be provided as part of a removable component, which includes the liquid storage portion. Alternatively, the electrical circuit, during determination that the amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a limit, may turn off a switch located between at least one heating element of the electrical heater and a supply of electricity. Optional methods for deactivating the electric heater are of course possible. One advantage of disabling the electric heater is that it then becomes impossible to use the aerosol generating system. This makes it impossible for a user to inhale an aerosol that does not have the desired properties.
[00085] Once it has been determined when the amount of liquid in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a certain limit, the user can be warned. For example, the electrical circuit which, during the determination of the amount of liquid aerosol-forming substrate in the liquid storage portion, has decreased to a certain extent may indicate this to a user. For example, if the aerosol generation system includes a user screen, it can be indicated to the user via the user screen that the liquid storage portion is empty or nearly empty. Alternatively or additionally, an audible tone may indicate to the user that the liquid storage portion is empty or nearly empty. Optional methods to indicate to the user that the liquid storage portion is empty or nearly empty are of course possible. An advantage of notifying the user is that the user is then able to prepare to replace or refill the liquid storage portion.
[00086] Thus, according to the invention, the electrically operated aerosol generating system includes an electrical circuit to determine when the amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate in the liquid storage portion has decreased to a predetermined limit. The features described in relation to one modality can also be applied to another modality.

权利要求:
Claims (13)
[0001]
1. An electrically operated aerosol generating system (100) for receiving an aerosol forming substrate (115), the system comprising: a liquid storage portion (113) for storing the liquid aerosol forming substrate; an electric heater (119) comprising at least one heating element for heating the liquid aerosol forming substrate; and electrical circuit (109) configured to monitor activation of the electrical heater, characterized in that the electrical circuit is further configured to estimate an amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate remaining in the liquid storage portion based on the monitored activation.
[0002]
2. Electrically operated aerosol generating system according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the electrical circuit (109) is configured to estimate a consumed amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate (115), and to subtract the consumed amount from starting from a known initial amount to provide an estimate of liquid aerosol forming substrate remaining in the liquid storage portion.
[0003]
3. Electrically operated aerosol generation system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the electrical circuit (109) is configured to monitor the activation of the electrical heater (119) by monitoring a temperature or resistance of the element of heating over time to estimate a consumed amount of aerosol-forming substrate.
[0004]
4. Electrically operated aerosol generation system according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the electrical circuit (109) is configured to estimate a consumed amount of aerosol based on a first equation relating to the temperature or resistance of the element of heating with consumption of aerosol-forming substrate up to a first temperature or resistance threshold and based on a second equation relating the temperature or resistance of the heating element to consumption of aerosol-forming substrate above the first temperature or threshold of resistance.
[0005]
5. Electrically operated aerosol generation system according to claim 4, characterized in that the second equation is dependent on the energy applied to the heating element.
[0006]
6. Electrically operated aerosol generation system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the first equation is independent of the energy applied to the heating element.
[0007]
7. Electrically operated aerosol generating system according to claim 4, 5 or 6, characterized in that the first threshold is the boiling point of the liquid aerosol forming substrate.
[0008]
8. Electrically operated aerosol generating system according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that the first and second equations are stored in the electrical circuit (109).
[0009]
9. Electrically operated aerosol generating system according to claim 8, characterized in that a plurality of different first and second equations are stored in the electrical circuit (109) for use with different compositions of liquid aerosol forming substrate and for use at different energy levels.
[0010]
10. Electrically operated aerosol generating system according to any preceding claim, characterized in that the electrical circuit (109) is arranged to measure the electrical resistance of at least one heating element (119), to ascertain the temperature of the element of heating from the measured electrical resistance.
[0011]
An electrically operated aerosol generating system according to any preceding claim, characterized in that it further comprises a capillary wick (117) for transporting the liquid aerosol forming substrate from the liquid storage portion to the electrical heater.
[0012]
12. Method, comprising: providing an electrically operated aerosol generating system (100) comprising a liquid storage portion (113) for storing the liquid aerosol forming substrate (115) and an electrical heater (119) comprising at least one heating element for heating the liquid aerosol forming substrate; and monitoring the activation of the electric heater, characterized by estimating an amount of liquid aerosol forming substrate remaining in the liquid storage portion based on the monitored activation.
[0013]
13. Electrical circuit for an electrically operated aerosol generating system, the electrically operated aerosol generating system comprising a liquid storage portion (113) for storing the liquid aerosol forming substrate (115) and an electrical heater (119) comprising at least one heating element for heating the liquid aerosol forming substrate, characterized in that the electrical circuit (109) is configured to perform the method as defined in claim 12.

类似技术:

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BR112013018323B1|2021-07-06|aerosol generation system that has a means to manage the consumption of a liquid substrate

US9814263B2|2017-11-14|Aerosol generating system having means for determining depletion of a liquid substrate

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同族专利:

公开号 | 公开日

CO6761317A2|2013-09-30|

EA201390963A1|2014-02-28|

AU2011347189B2|2016-06-23|

CA2822728C|2019-02-26|

KR102036587B1|2019-10-25|

ZA201304320B|2014-03-26|

KR20180135990A|2018-12-21|

EA029524B1|2018-04-30|

MX343872B|2016-11-25|

CN103338664B|2017-02-22|

UA110631C2|2016-01-25|

CA2822728A1|2012-06-28|

KR101931832B1|2018-12-21|

US20130319435A1|2013-12-05|

IL226909A|2017-07-31|

US9763476B2|2017-09-19|

JP5959532B2|2016-08-02|

EP2654470B1|2017-03-01|

MY166116A|2018-05-24|

PL2654470T3|2017-07-31|

EP2654470A1|2013-10-30|

JP2014501107A|2014-01-20|

EP2468116A1|2012-06-27|

MX2013007330A|2013-08-01|

WO2012085207A1|2012-06-28|

ES2618906T3|2017-06-22|

KR20140004656A|2014-01-13|

NZ611897A|2015-01-30|

PT2654470T|2017-03-29|

BR112013018323A2|2018-09-11|

AU2011347189A1|2013-07-11|

SG191276A1|2013-07-31|

CN103338664A|2013-10-02|

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法律状态:
2018-12-18| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|

2019-08-06| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

2021-03-02| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|

2021-05-04| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

2021-07-06| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 22/12/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

EP10252234A|EP2468116A1|2010-12-24|2010-12-24|An aerosol generating system having means for handling consumption of a liquid substrate|

EP10252234.9|2010-12-24|

PCT/EP2011/073795|WO2012085207A1|2010-12-24|2011-12-22|An aerosol generating system having means for handling consumption of a liquid substrate|

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